PUBLICATIONS

SELECTED PUBLICATIONS

Schwartz, R. W., Ballato, J., and Haertling, G. H., "Piezoelectric and Electooptic Ceramics," in Ceramic Materials for Electronics: Processing, Properties, and Applications, edited by R. C. Buchanan (Dekker, New York, 2002) in press.

Text, Figures, Tables

Preethy Menon, C., Philip, J., Sebastian, M. T., and Schwartz, R. W., "Thermal Properties of La_0.5Sr_0.5Co_1-xNi_xO_3-d Ceramics Using Photopyroelectric Technique," (2003) In preparation.

Yang, P., Carroll, D., Ballato, J., and Schwartz, R. W., "Growth and Optical Properties of SrBi₂Nb₂O₉ Ferroelectric Thin Films Using Pulsed Laser Deposition," J. Appl. Phys., 93[11], 9226 - 9230 (2003).

Yang, P., Xu, J., Ballato, J. M., Schwartz, R. W., Carroll. D. L., "Optical Limiting in SrBi₂Ta₂O₉ and PbZr_xTi_1-xO₃ Thin Films, Appl. Phys. Lett., 80 [18], 3394 (2002).

Schwartz, R. W. and Narayanan, M., "Development of High Performance Stress-Biased Actuators Through the Incorporation of Mechanical Pre-Loads," Sensors and Actuators A: Physical, 101[3], 322(2002).

Greene, M. and Schwartz, R. W., "Short Residence Time Graphitization of Mesophase Pitch-Based Carbon Fibers," Carbon 40 [8] 1217 (2002).

Yang, P., Carroll, D. L, Ballato, J., and Schwartz, R. W., "Electrical Properties of SrBi₂Ta₂O₉ Thin Films at Low Temperature," Appl. Phys. Lett., 81[24], 4583-4585 (2002).

Schwartz, R. W., Cross, L. E., and Wang, Q.-M., "Estimation of the Effective Piezoelectric d₃₁ Coefficients of Rainbow Ceramics and Comments on Their Enhanced Performance," J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 84 [11], 2563 (2001).

Schwartz, R. W., Clem, P. G., Voigt, J. A., Byhoff, E. R., Van Stry, M., Headley, T. J., Missert, N. A., "Control of Microstructure and Orientation in Solution Deposited BaTiO₃ and SrTiO₃ Thin Films," J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 82 (9), 2359 (1999).

Schwartz, R. W., Voigt, J. A., Tuttle, B. A., DaSalla, R. S., and Payne, D. A., "Comments on the Effects of Solution Precursor Characteristics and Thermal Processing Conditions on the Crystallization Behavior of Sol-Gel Derived PZT Thin Films," J. Mater. Res., 12 (2), 444-456, (1997).

Schwartz, R. W., "Chemical Solution Deposition of Perovskite Thin Films," Chemistry Of Materials, 9 (11), 2325-2340 (1997). Invited.

Al-Shareef, H. N., Dimos, D., Raymond, M. V., and Schwartz, R. W., "Tunability and Calculation of the Dielectric Constant of Capacitor Structures with Interdigital Electrodes," J. Electroceram., 1 (2), 145-153 (1997).

Schwartz, R. W. and Moon, Y.-W, "Domain Configuration and Switching Contributions to the Enhanced Performance of Rainbow Actuators," SPIE Smart Structures and Materials, Active materials: Behavior and Mechanics, 4333, 408 (2001).

Schwartz, R. W., Sebastian, M. T., Charoenwongsa, M., and Dobberstein, H., "Development of Transparent LSCO and LSCNO Conductors for Optical Shutter Systems," Mat. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc., 666 (2001).

Schwartz, R. W., Sebastian, M. and Raymond, M. V., "Evaluation of LSCO Electrodes for Sensor Protection Devices," Mat. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc., 623, 365 (2000).

Dobberstein, H. and Schwartz, R. W., "Modeling the Nucleation and Growth Behavior of Solution Derived Thin Films," Proc. 1st Symposium on Advanced Materials for Next Generation - Prelude to Functional-Integrated Materials AIST Chubu, Nagoya, Japan, May 27, 2002. Invited.

Schwartz, R. W., Clem, P. G., and Dimos, D., "Preparation of BaTiO₃ and SrTiO₃ Thin Films for Communications Applications," Proc. 8th US-Japan Seminar on Dielectric and Piezoelectric Ceramics, Plymouth, MA, October 1997, pp. 92-95. Invited.

 

Books and Monographs

Schwartz, R. W., Ballato, J., and Haertling, G. H., "Piezoelectric and Electooptic Ceramics," in Ceramic Materials for Electronics: Processing, Properties, and Applications, edited by R. C. Buchanan (Dekker, New York, 2002) in press.

McIntyre, P. C., Gilbert, S., Miyasaka, Y., Schwartz, R. W., Wouters, D., Ferroelectric Thin Films IX, Materials Research Society Symposium Proceedings, Vol. 655 (Materials Research Society, Warrendale, PA, 2001) 590 pp.

Schwartz, R. W., McIntyre, P. C., Miyasaka, Y., Summerfelt, S. and Wouters, D., Ferroelectric Thin Films VIII, Materials Research Society Symposium Proceedings, Vol. 596 (Materials Research Society, Warrendale, PA, 2000) 575 pp.

Jones, R. E., Schwartz, R. W., Summerfelt, S., and Yoo, I., Ferroelectric Thin Films VII, Materials Research Society Symposium Proceedings, Vol. 541, (Materials Research Society, Warrendale, PA, 1999) 770 pp.

Schwartz, R. W. and Waser, R., "Chemical Solution Deposition of Ferroelectric Thin Films," in Ferroelectric Thin Films: Processing, Properties, and Devices, edited by J. S. Speck, R. Waser, and C. M. Foster (Springer, 1999). In press.

Brinker, C. J., Ashley, C. S., Cairncross, R. A., Chen, K. S., Hurd, A. J., Reed, S. T., Samuel, J. Schunk, P. R., Schwartz, R. W., and Scotto, C. S., Sol-Gel Derived Ceramic Films: Fundamentals and Applications, in Metallurgical and Ceramic Coatings, (1995), Chapman Hall, London.

Schwartz, R. W., Electronic Properties and Material Structure, in Kirk-Olthmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology, 4th Ed., 5, (1993), John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York, NY, pp. 683-697.

Schwartz, R. W., Electronic and Magnetic Ceramics, in Characterization of Ceramics, Loehman, R. E., Ed., (1993), Butterworth-Heinemann, Boston, MA, pp. 229-252.

Refereed Journal Publications

Schwartz, R. W., Navapan, N., Dinger, D., and Mann, L., "Deflocculation and Mixing Behavior of BaTiO₃ Powders During Aqueous Processing," (2003). In preparation.

Preethy Menon, C., Philip, J., Sebastian, M. T., and Schwartz, R. W., "Thermal Properties of La_0.5Sr_0.5Co_1-xNi_xO_3-d Ceramics Using Photopyroelectric Technique," (2003) In preparation.

Yang, P., Carroll, D., Ballato, J., and Schwartz, R. W., "Growth and Optical Properties of SrBi₂Nb₂O₉ Ferroelectric Thin Films Using Pulsed Laser Deposition," J. Appl. Phys., 93[11], 9226 - 9230 (2003).

Greene, M., Schwartz, R. W., and Treleaven, J. W., "Short Residence Time Graphitization of Mesophase Pitch-Based Carbon Fibers," Carbon 40 [8] 1217-1226 (2002).

Yang, P., Xu, J., Ballato, J. M., Schwartz, R. W., Carroll. D. L., "Optical Limiting in SrBi2Ta2O9 and PbZr_xTi_1-xO₃ Thin Films, Appl. Phys. Lett., 80 [18], 3394-3396 (2002).

Schwartz, R. W. and Narayanan, M., "Development of High Performance Stress-Biased Actuators through the Incorporation of Mechanical Pre-Loads, Sens. & Act.: A Physical, 101 [3], 322 (2002).

Yang, P., Carroll, D. L, Ballato, J., and Schwartz, R. W., "Electrical Properties of SrBi₂Ta₂O₉ Thin Films at Low Temperature," Appl. Phys. Lett.,81[24], 4583-4585 (2002).

Ballato, J., Schwartz, R., and Ballato, A., "Network Formalism for Modeling Functionally Gradient Piezoelectric Plates and Stacks and Simulations of RAINBOW Ceramic Actuators," accepted IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics, and Frequency Control, 48, 462- (2001).

Schwartz, R. W., Cross, L. E., and Wang, Q.-M., "Estimation of the Effective Piezoelectric d₃₁ Coefficients of Rainbow Ceramics and Comments on Their Enhanced Performance," J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 84 [11], 2563-2569 (2001).

Ballato, J., Esmacher, R., Schwartz, R., and Dejkeka, M., "Rare-Earth-Doped Ferroelectric PLZT for Active Electro-Optic Devices," J. Luminescence, 86, 101, (2000).

Marcus, R. K. and Schwartz, R. W., "Compositional Profiling of Solution-Deposited Lead Zirconate Titanate Thin Films by Radio Glow Discharge Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (rf-GD-AES)," Chem. Phys. Lett., 318, 481 (2000).

Schwartz, R. W., Clem, P. G., Voigt, J. A., Byhoff, E. R., Van Stry, M., Headley, T. J., Missert, N. A., "Control of Microstructure and Orientation in Solution Deposited BaTiO₃ and SrTiO₃ Thin Films," J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 82 (9), 2359 (1999).

Zhang, J., Lee, B. I., Schwartz, R. W., Ding, Z., "Grain Oriented Crystallization, Piezoelectric and Pyroelectric Properties of (Ba_xSr_2-x)TiSi₂O₈ Glass-Ceramics," J. Appl. Phys., 85 (12), 8343, (1999).

Xia, C.-F., Ward, T. L., Atanasova, P., and Schwartz, R. W., "Metal-Organic Chemical Vapor Deposition of Sr-Co-Fe-O Films on Porous Substrates," J. Mater. Res., 13 (1), 173 (1998).

Xia, C., Ward, T. L., Atanasova, P., Xu, C., and Schwartz, R. W., "Fabrication of Ag/Y₂O₃-Stabilized ZrO₂ Composite Films by MOCVD," J. Electrochem. Soc., 145 (1), L4, (1997).

Boyle, T. J., Dimos, D. B., Schwartz, R. W., Alam, T. M., Sinclair, M. B., and Buchheit, C. D., "Aging Characteristics of a Hybrid Sol-Gel Pb(Zr,Ti)O₃ Precursor Solution," J. Mater. Res., 12 (4), 1022-1030, (1997).

Schwartz, R. W., Voigt, J. A., Tuttle, B. A., DaSalla, R. S., and Payne, D. A., "Comments on the Effects of Solution Precursor Characteristics and Thermal Processing Conditions on the Crystallization Behavior of Sol-Gel Derived PZT Thin Films," J. Mater. Res., 12 (2), 444-456, (1997).

Schwartz, R. W., "Chemical Solution Deposition of Perovskite Thin Films," Chemistry Of Materials, 9 (11), 2325-2340 (1997). Invited.

Schwartz, R. W., Reichert, T. L., Clem, P. G., Dimos, D., and Liu, D., "A Comparison of Diol and Methanol-Based Chemical Solution Deposition Routes for PZT Thin Film Fabrication," Integrated Ferroelectrics, 18 (1-4), 275-286 (1997).

Al-Shareef, H. N., Dimos, D., Raymond, M. V., and Schwartz, R. W., "Tunability and Calculation of the Dielectric Constant of Capacitor Structures with Interdigital Electrodes," J. Electroceram., 1 (2), 145-153 (1997).

Siadati, M. H., Ward, T. L., Martus, J., Atanasova, P., Xia, C.-F., and Schwartz, R. W., "Chemical Vapor Deposition of CeO₂-Doped Y₂O₃-Stabilized Zirconia onto Dense and Porous Substrates," Adv. Mater. - Chem. Vap. Dep., 3 (6), 311, (1997).

Tuttle, B. A. and Schwartz, R. W., "Solution Deposition of Ferroelectric Thin Films," Mater. Res. Bull., 21 (6), 49-54, (1996).

Collins, J. P., Schwartz, R. W., Sehgal, R., Ward, T. L., Brinker, C. J., Hagen, G. P., and Udovich, C. A., "Catalytic Dehydrogenation of Propane in Hydrogen Permselective Membrane Reactors," Indus. Eng. Chem. Res., 35, 4398-4405, (1996).

Lefevre, M. J., Speck, J. S., Schwartz, R. W., Dimos, D., and Lockwood, S. J., "Microstructural Development in Sol-Gel Derived PZT Thin Films: The Role of Precursor Stoichiometry and Processing Environment," J. Mater. Res., 11 (8), 2076-2084, (1996).

Xia, C., Ward, T. L., and Schwartz, R. W., "Aerosol-Assisted Chemical Vapor Deposition of CeO₂-Doped Y₂O₃-Stabilized ZrO₂ Films on Porous Ceramic Supports for Membrane Applications," Adv. Mater. - Chemical Vapor Deposition, 2 (2), 48-51, (1996).

Boyle, T. J., Schwartz, R. W., Doedens, R. J., and Ziller, J. W., "Synthesis and Structure of Novel Group IV Tridentate Alkoxide Complexes and Ceramic Thin Films Derived Therefrom. X-ray Structures of
(H₃CC(CH₂-µ3-O)(CH₂-µ-O)₂)₂Ti₄(OCH(CH₃)₂)₁₀,
(H₃CCH₂C(CH₂-µ3-O)(CH₂-µ-O)₂) ₂Ti₄(OCH(CH₃)₂)₁₀, and
(H₃CC(CH₂-µ-O)₃)₂Zr₄(µ-OCH(CH₃)₂)₂(OCH(CH₂)₂)₈," Inorg. Chem., 34, 1110-1120, (1995).

Dimos, D., Lockwood, S. J., Schwartz, R. W., and Rodgers, M. S., "Thin-Film Decoupling Capacitors for Multi-Chip Modules," Trans. Comp., Pack., & Manuf. Tech. A, 18, 174 (1995). Best paper award.

Sinclair, M. B., Dimos, D., Potter, Jr., B. G., and Schwartz, R. W., "Angularly and Spectrally Resolved Light Scattering from Pb(Zr,Ti)O₃ Thin Films," J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 78 (8), 2027-2032, (1995).

Warren, W. L., Dimos, D., Tuttle, B. A., Pike, G. E., Schwartz, R. W., Clews, P. J., and McIntyre, D. C., "Polarization Suppression in PZT Thin Films," J. Appl. Phys., 77, 6695-6702, (1995).

Schwartz, R. W., Boyle, T. J., Lockwood, S. J., Sinclair, M. B., Dimos, D., and Buchheit, C. D., "Sol-Gel Processing of PZT Thin Films: A Review of the State-of-the-Art and Process Optimization Strategies," Integrated Ferroelectrics, 7, 259-277, (1995).

Dimos, D., Lockwood, S. J., Schwartz, R. W., and Rodgers, M. S., "Thin-Film Decoupling Capacitors for Multi-Chip Modules," IEEE Trans. Components, Packaging, Manuf. Tech. A., 18 (1), 174-179, (1995).

Sinclair, M. B., Dimos, D., Potter, B.G., and Schwartz, R. W., "Light Scattering from Sol-Gel Processed Lead Zirconate Titanate Thin Films," Integrated Ferroelectrics, 7, 225-236, (1995).

Sinclair, M. B., Potter, Jr., B. G., Dimos, D., Schwartz, R. W., and Buchheit C. D., "Light Scattering from Sol-Gel PZT Thin Films: Surface versus Volume Scattering," Integrated Ferroelectrics, 11, 25-34, (1995).

Potter, Jr., B. G., Sinclair, M. B., Dimos, D., Tuttle, B. A., and Schwartz, R. W., "Electrooptical and Optical Evaluation of Pb(Zr,Ti)O₃ Thin Films Using Waveguide Refractometry," J. Non-Cryst. Sol., 178, 69-76, (1994).

Tuttle, B. A., Voigt, J. A., Headley, T. J., Potter, Jr., B. G., Dimos, D., Schwartz, R. W., Dugger, M. T., Michael, J., Nasby, R. D., Garino, T. J., and Goodnow, D. C., "Ferroelectric Thin Film Microstructure Development and Related Property Enhancement," Ferroelectrics, 151, 11-20, (1994).

Dimos, D., Warren, W. L., Sinclair, M. B., Tuttle, B. A., and Schwartz, R. W., "Photoinduced Hysteresis Changes and Optical Storage in (Pb,La)(Zr,Ti)O₃ Thin Films and Ceramics," J. Appl. Phys., 76 (7), 4305-4315, (1994).

Boyle, T. J. and Schwartz, R. W., "An Investigation of Group (IV) Alkoxides as Property Controlling Reagents in the Synthesis of Ceramic Materials," Comments Inorg. Chem., 16 (5), 243-278, (1994); Invited.

Schwartz, R. W., Dimos, D., Lockwood, S. J., and Torres, V. M., "Preparation and Properties of Sol-Gel Derived PZT Thin Films for Decoupling Capacitor Applications," Integrated Ferroelectrics, 4, 165-174, (1994).

Dimos, D., Schwartz, R. W., and Lockwood, S. J., "Control of Leakage Resistance in Pb(Zr,Ti)O₃ Thin Films by Donor Doping," J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 77 (11), 3000-3005, (1994).

Assink, R. A. and Schwartz, R. W., "1H and 13C NMR Investigations of Pb(Zr,Ti)O₃ Thin Film Precursor Solutions," Chemistry of Materials, 5 (4), 511-517, (1993).

Tuttle, B. A., Headley, T. J., Bunker, B. C., Schwartz, R. W., Zender, T. J., Hernandez, C. L., Goodnow, D. C., Tissot, R. J., and Michael, J., "Microstructural Evolution of Pb(Zr,Ti)O₃ Thin Films Prepared by Hybrid Metallo-organic Decomposition," J. Mat. Res., 7 (7), 1876-1882, (1992).

Schwartz, R. W., Tuttle, B. A., Doughty, D. H., Land, C. E., Goodnow, D. C., Hernandez, C. L., Zender, T. J., and Martinez, S. L., "Preparation and Characterization of Chemically Derived (Pb,La)TiO₃ Thin Films," IEEE Trans. on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics and Frequency Control, 38 (6), 677-683, (1991).

Schwartz, R. W., Bunker, B. C., Dimos, D. B., Assink, R. A., Tuttle, B. A., Tallant, D. R., and Weinstock, I. A., "Solution Chemistry Effects in Pb(Zr,Ti)O₃ Thin Film Processing," Integrated Ferroelectrics, 2, 243-254, (1991).

Schwartz, R. W., Payne, D. A., and Holland, A. J., "The Effects of Hydrolysis and Catalysis Conditions on the Surface Area and Decomposition Behavior of Polymeric Sol-Gel Derived PbTiO₃ Powders," in Ceramic Powder Processing Science, eds. Hausner, H., Messing, G. W., and Hirano, S., (Deutsche Keramische Gesellschaft, 1989) pp. 165-172.

 

Conference Proceedings (Reviewed)

Srinivasan, S., Marotta, E., Ochterbeck, J. M., Schwartz, R. W., and Miller, R. S., "On Microscale Heat Transfer in Thin Film Pyroelectric Sensors," 40th American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics Aerospace Sciences Meeting and Exhibit, January 14-17, 2002, Reno, Nevada; AIAA Paper 2002-0498, (2002).

Schwartz, R. W. and Moon, Y.-W, "Domain Configuration and Switching Contributions to the Enhanced Performance of Rainbow Actuators," SPIE Smart Structures and Materials, Active materials: Behavior and Mechanics, 4333, 408 (2001).

Schwartz, R. W., Sebastian, M. T., Charoenwongsa, M., and Dobberstein, H., "Development of Transparent LSCO and LSCNO Conductors for Optical Shutter Systems," Mat. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc., 666 (2001).

Goodwin-Johansson, S., Holloway, P. H., McGuire, G., Buckley, L., Cozzens, R., Schwartz, R., and Exarhos, G., "Artificial Eyelid for Protection of Optical Sensors," Smart Structures and Materials 2000: Electroactive Polymer Actuators and Devices (EAPAD), Proc. SPIE, 3987, 225 (2000).

Brinkman, K. S., Schwartz, R. W., Marcus, R. K., and Anfone, A., "Depth Profiling of Solution-Deposited Lead Zirconate Titanate Thin Films by Radio Frequency Glow Discharge Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (rf-GDAES), Mat. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc., 596, 399 (2000).

Schwartz, R. W., Laoratanakul, P., Nothwang, W. D., Ballato, J., Moon, Y. and Jackson, A., "Understanding Mechanics and Stress Effects in Rainbow and Thunder Actuators," SPIE Smart Structures and Materials, Active materials: Behavior and Mechanics, 3992, 363 (2000).

Brinkman, K. S., Schwartz, R. W., and Ballato, J., "UV Radiation Effects on the Sol-Gel Processing of Ferroelectric PZT Thin Films," Mat. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc., 623 149 (2000).

Schwartz, R. W., Sebastian, M. and Raymond, M. V., "Evaluation of LSCO Electrodes for Sensor Protection Devices," Mat. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc., 623, 365 (2000).

Dobberstein, H., Schwartz, R. W., and Clem, P. G., and Carroll, D., "Sol-Gel Processing of Oxide Buffer Layers," Mat. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc., 619 209 (2000).

Clem, P. G., Tuttle, B. A., Ruffner, J. A., Brinker, C. J., Schwartz, R. W., Rodriguez, M., and Warren, W. L., "Investigation of PZT//LSCO//Pt//Aerogel Thin Film Composites for Uncooled Pyroelectric IR Detectors," Ferroelectric Thin Films VII, Mat. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc., 541, 661 (1999).

Collins, J. P., Sehgal, R., Schwartz, R. W., Brinker, C. J., Ward, T. L., Hagen, G. P., and Udovich, C. A., "Catalytic Dehydrogenation of Propane and Isobutane in Hydrogen Permselective Membrane Reactors," Proc. 4th Intl. Conf. Inorganic Membranes, (1996).

Ng, M. F., Reichert, T. L., Schwartz, R. W., and Collins, J. P., "Fabrication of SrCo_0.5FeO_x Oxygen Separation Membranes on Porous Supports," Proc. 4th Intl. Conf. Inorganic Membranes, (1996).

Wanner-Borchardt, W., Hoffmann, S., Waser, R., Theib, W., and Schwartz, R. W., "Structural Characterization of (Ba_1-x,Sr_x)TiO₃ (x = 0-1) Thin Films by Optical Methods, SEM and AFM Studies," Proc. Electroceramics V; Intl. Conf. On Elec. Ceram. And Appl., 1, 415-419 (1996).

Schwartz, R. W., Voigt, J. A., Boyle, T. J., Christenson, T. A., and Buchheit, C. D., "Control of Thin Film Processing Behavior Through Precursor Structural Modifications," Ceramic Engineering & Science Proceedings, 16 (5), 1045-1056, (1995).

Schwartz, R. W., Assink, R. A., Dimos, D., Sinclair, M. B., Boyle, T. J., and Buchheit, C. D., "Effects of Acetylacetone Additions on PZT Thin Film Processing," in Ferroelectric Thin Films IV, Mat. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc., 361, 377-387, (1995).

Alam, T. M., Boyle, T. J., Buchheit, C. D., Schwartz, R. W., and Ziller, J. W., "Formation, Structure, and Material Properties from the Reaction Product of M(OCHMe₂) 4 (M = Ti, Zr) and HOAc," in Better Ceramics Through Chemistry VI, Mat. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc., 346, 35-40, (1994).

Boyle, T. J., Pearson, A. T., and Schwartz, R. W., "Synthesis and Characterization of Group IV Metal Adamantanol Alkoxides as Potential PZT Precursors," Ceramic Trans., 43, 79-87, (1994).

Schwartz, R. W., Boyle, T. J., Voigt, J. A., and Buchheit, C. D., "Densification and Crystallization of Zirconia Thin Films Prepared by Sol-Gel Processing," Ceramic Transactions; Ferroic Materials: Design, Preparation, and Characterization, 43, 145-163, (1994).

Lockwood, S. J., Schwartz, R. W., Tuttle, B. A., and Thomas, V. A., "Solution Chemistry Optimization of Sol-Gel Processed PZT Thin Films," in Ferroelectric Thin Films III, Mat. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc., 310, 275-280, (1993).

Chandler, C., Hampden-Smith, M. J., and Schwartz, R. W., "Ferroelectric Thin Films via Sol-Gel Processing of Single Source Precursors," in Ferroelectric Thin Films III, Mat. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc., 310, 357-362, (1993).

Warren, W. L., Tuttle, B. A., Schwartz, R. W., Hammetter, W. F., Goodnow, D. C., Evans, Jr., J. T., and Bullington, J. A., "Microstructural Evolution of Pb(Zr,Ti)O₃ Ceramics Using Electron Paramagnetic Resonance," in Ferroelectric Thin Films III, Mat. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc., 310, 3-8, (1993).

Schwartz, R. W., Dimos, D., Lockwood, S. J., and Torres, V. M., "Electrical Properties of Sol-Gel PZT Thin Films for Decoupling Capacitor Applications," in Ferroelectric Thin Films III, Mat. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc., 310, 59-64, (1993).

Schwartz, R. W., Assink, R. A., and Headley, T. J., "Solution Chemistry Effects in PZT Thin Film Processing: Spectroscopic and Microstructural Characterization," in Ferroelectric Thin Films II, Mat. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc., 243, 245-254, (1992).

Dimos D. B. and Schwartz, R. W., "Electrooptic Properties of PZT Films for Image Storage Applications," in Ferroelectric Thin Films, Mat. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc., 243, 73-78, (1992).

Tuttle, B. A., Voigt, J. A., Garino, T. J., Goodnow, D. C., Schwartz, R. W., Lamppa, D. L., Headley, T. J., and Eatough , M. O., "Chemically Prepared Pb(Zr,Ti)O₃ Thin Films: The Effects of Orientation and Stress," IEEE 8th ISAF Proc., 344-347, (1992).

Schwartz, R. W., Tuttle, B. A., Doughty, D. H., Land, C. E., Goodnow, D. C., Hernandez, C. L., Zender, T. J., and Martinez, S. L., "Electrical Properties of Chemically Derived (Pb,La)TiO₃ Thin Films," IEEE 7th ISAF Proc., 254-257, (1991).

Dimos, D. B., Land, C. E., and Schwartz, R. W., "Electrooptic Effects and Photosensitivities in PLZT Thin Films," Ceramic Transactions, 25, 323-339, (1991).

Tuttle, B. A., Schwartz, R. W., Doughty, D. H., and Voigt, J. A., "Characterization of Chemically Prepared PZT Thin Films," in Ferroelectric Thin Films, Mat. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc., 200, 159-165, (1990).

Schwartz, R. W., Lakeman, C. D. E., and Payne, D. A., "The Effects of Hydrolysis Conditions, and Acid and Base Additions, on the Gel-to-Ceramic Conversion in Sol-Gel Derived PbTiO₃," in Better Ceramics Through Chemistry IV, Mat. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc., 180, 335-340, (1990).

Schwartz, R. W., Xu, Z., Payne, D. A., DeTemple, T. A., and Bradley, M. A., "Preparation and Characterization of Sol-gel Derived PbTiO₃ Thin Layers on GaAs," in Ferroelectric Thin Films, Mat. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc., 200, 167-172, (1990).

Tuttle, B. A., Doughty, D. H., Schwartz, R. W., Garino, T. J. Martinez, S. L., Goodnow, D. Hernandez, C. L., Tissot, R. G., and Hammetter, W. F., "Chemically Prepared PZT Films with Niobium Additions," Ceramic Trans., 15, 179-191, (1990).

Schwartz, R. W., Payne, D. A., Eccles, P. M., and Eichorst, D. J., "Precipitation and Properties of PZT and PLZT Powders," in Ultrastructure Processing of Advanced Ceramic Materials, (John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1988) pp. 487-498.

Schwartz, R. W. and Payne, D. A., "Crystallization Behavior of Chemically Prepared and Rapidly Solidified PbTiO₃," in Better Ceramics Through Chemistry III, Mat. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc., 121, 199-206, (1988); graduate student paper award.

Schwartz, R. W., Eichorst, D. J., and Payne, D. A., "Precipitation of PZT and PLZT Powders Using a Continuous Reactor," in Better Ceramics Through Chemistry II, Mater. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc., 73, 123-128, (1986).

 

Conference Proceedings (Unreviewed)

Dobberstein, H. and Schwartz, R. W., "Modeling the Nucleation and Growth Behavior of Solution Derived Thin Films," Proc. 1st Symposium on Advanced Materials for Next Generation - Prelude to Functional-Integrated Materials AIST Chubu, Nagoya, Japan, May 27, 2002. Invited.

Schwartz, R. W., Clem, P. G., and Dimos, D., "Preparation of BaTiO₃ and SrTiO₃ Thin Films for Communications Applications," Proc. 8th US-Japan Seminar on Dielectric and Piezoelectric Ceramics, Plymouth, MA, October 1997, pp. 92-95. Invited.

Schwartz, R. W. and DaSalla, R. S., "Effects of Solution Precursor Nature on Sol-Gel Derived PZT Thin Film Crystallization Behavior and Properties," Proc. 7th US-Japan Seminar on Dielectric and Piezoelectric Ceramics, Tsukuba, Japan, November, 1995, pp. 69-72. Invited.

Schwartz, R. W. and Payne, D. A., "Morphology of As-Precipitated and Dried Powders in the PLZT System," Proc. 44th Ann. Meet. Electronic Microscopy Soc. Am., 1986, pp. 838-839.

Research Reports

Schwartz, R. W., Laoratanakul, P., Nothwang, W. D., and Ballato, J., ""Modeling and Characterization of Geometric Effects on the Performance of Rainbow Actuators," Final Report for contract NCC-1-283; Funding agency: NASA_Langley, April, 2000, 27 pp.

Schwartz, R. W., Laoratanakul, P. and Nothwang, W. D., "Modeling and Characterization of Geometric Effects on the Performance of Rainbow Actuators," Interim report for contract NCC-1-283; Funding agency: NASA_Langley, April, 1999, 40 pp.

Schwartz, R. W., and Jackson, A., "Characterization of Grain Size and Composition Effects on the Imprint Behavior of Piezoelectric THUNDER Actuators," Final Report for contract 3-30-0907-xxxx-67-8774; Funding agency: Materials Research Society - UMRI, Undergraduate Materials Research Initiative Grant, July, 1999, 21 pp.

Schwartz, R. W., Ballato, J., Laoratanakul, P., and Nothwang, W., "Modeling and Characterization of Geometric Effects on the Performance of Rainbow Actuators," Second Interim Report for contract NCC-1-283; Funding agency: NASA_Langley, September, 1999, 19 pp.

Schwartz, R. W. and Van Stry, M., "Systematic Errors and Unreliability in Ellipsometry Measurements," Sandia Report, 20 pp.

Schwartz, R. W., "Development of Rainbow and Thunder Actuators for VCSEL Positioning," Final report for contract 3-30-xxxx-0907-30-8376; Funding agency: Sandia National Laboratories, October, 1998, 18 pp.

Schwartz, R. W., Collins, J. P., Ng., M. F., Brinker, C. J., Ward, T. L., Sehgal, R., Xia, C. F., Udovich, C. A., Masin, J., and Hagen, G. P., "Inorganic Membrane Reactor Technology CRADA # 1176: Final Report and Assessment of Membrane Technology," Sandia Report, SAND97-0949, A Report to the DOE Office of Industrial Technologies (1997) 144 pp.

 

PRESENTATIONS
54 first author presentations including 27 invited talks. Fourteen presentations by supervised students and co-author of 60 additional presentations (not listed).

Schwartz, R. W., Narayanan, M., and Navapan, N., "Development of New High Performance Stress-Biased Actuators Through The Inclusion of Mechanical Enhancers," American Ceramic Society Annual Meeting, St. Louis, MO, April, 2002. Invited.

Schwartz, R. W. "Modeling the Nucleation and Growth Behavior of Solution Derived Thin Films, 1st Symposium on Advanced Materials for Next Generation, "Prelude to Functional-Integrated Materials," Ceramics Research Institute, AIST, Chubu, Nagoya, Japan, May 27, 2002. Invited.

Schwartz, R. W. and Narayanan, M., "The Development of New High Performance Mechanical - Electromechanical Actuators," IFFF 2002, Nara, Japan, May 28 - 31, 2002. Invited.

Schwartz, R. W. and Moon, Y.-W, "Domain Configuration and Switching Contributions to the Enhanced Performance of Rainbow Actuators," SPIE Smart Structures and Materials Meeting, Newport Beach, CA, March, 2001.

Schwartz, R. W., Sebastian, M. T., "Development of LSCO and LSCNO Thin Films for Sensor Protection Applications," Materials Research Society Spring Meeting, San Francisco, CA, April, 2001.

Nothwang, W. D., Schwartz, R. W., and Ballato, J., "The Fatigue Characteristics of Stress-Biased Piezoelectric Devices as Predicted by an Equivalent Circuit Model," American Ceramic Society Annual Meeting, Indianapolis, IN, April 2001.

Nothwang, W. D., Schwartz, R. W., and Ballato, J., "Using An Equivalent Circuit Model to Predict And Optimize Stress-Biased Actuator Performance," American Ceramic Society Annual Meeting, Indianapolis, IN, April 2001.

Nothwang, W. D., Schwartz, R. W., and Ballato, J., "The Inclusion of Temperature Effect In An Equivalent Circuit Model To Predict Stress-Biased Actuator Performance," American Ceramic Society Annual Meeting, Indianapolis, IN, April 2001.

Schwartz, R. W., "Stress-Biased Actuators: Approaches to Improve Performance and New Applications," The Payne Symposium, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, IL, April, 2001. Invited.

Schwartz, R. W., Dausch, D., Moon, Y.-W., Narayanan, M., and Nothwang, W. D., "Intrinsic and Extrinsic Contributions to the Electromechanical Response of Stress-Biased Piezoelectric Actuators," American Ceramic Society Annual Meeting, Indianapolis, IN, April 2001.

Schwartz, R. W., "Rainbow and Thunder Actuators: Fabrication, Performance, and Applications," University of Missouri, Department of Ceramic Engineering Seminar, April, 2001. Invited.

Schwartz, R. W., Kunz, M., Sebastian, M., and Charoenwongsa, M., "Development of LSCNO Transparent Electrodes for IR Sensor Protection," DARPA Workshop, Clearwater Beach, FL, September, 2001.

Schwartz, R. W., Narayanan, M., "Use of Mechanical Pre-Loads to Enhance the Performance of Stress-Biased Actuators," Materials Research Society Fall Meeting, Boston, MA, November, 2001.

Schwartz, R. W., "Stress-Biased Actuators: Domain Effects and the Development of New Devices," University of Illinois Department of Materials Science and Engineering Seminar, December 6, 2001. Invited.

Schwartz, R. W., Laoratanakul, P., Nothwang, W. D., Ballato, J., Moon, Y., and Jackson, A., "Understanding Mechanics and Stress Effects in Rainbow and Thunder Actuators," SPIE, Smart Materials and Structures Meeting, Newport Beach (March 6 - 9, 2000).

Schwartz, R. W., "Chemical Solution Deposition of Ferroelectric Thin Films, 11th International Symposium on Integrated Ferroelectrics, Aachen, Germany, March, 2000. Invited.

Navapan, N. and Schwartz, R. W., "Chemical and Mixing Effects in the Deflocculation of Aqueous Barium Titanate Suspensions," American Ceramic Society Southeastern Section Meeting, March 29, 2000, Clemson, SC.

Dobberstein, H., Schwartz, R. W., and Clem, P. G., and Carroll, D., "Sol-Gel Processing of Oxide Buffer Layers," Materials Research Society Spring Meeting, April, 2000, San Francisco, CA; Symposium Best Poster Award.

Brinkman, K. S., Schwartz, R. W., and Ballato, J., "UV Radiation Effects on the Sol-Gel Processing of Ferroelectric PZT Thin Films," Materials Research Society Spring Meeting, April, 2000, San Francisco, CA.

Nothwang, W. D., Schwartz, R. W., and Ballato, J., "Simple Plate Resonator Modeling and Characterization of the Effects of Mass Loading on the Strain Response of Piezoelectric Actuators," American Ceramic Society Annual Meeting, St. Louis, MO, April 30 - May 3, 2000.

Nothwang, W. D., Schwartz, R. W., and Ballato, J., "The Use of an Equivalent Circuit Model to Describe Aging and Fatigue Effects in Piezoelectric Ceramics," American Ceramic Society Annual Meeting, St. Louis, MO, April 30 - May 3, 2000.

Schwartz, R. W., Laoratanakul, P., Nothwang, W. D., and Ballato, J., "Comments on Geometric Effects on the Performance of Rainbow Ceramics," American Ceramic Society Annual Meeting, St. Louis, MO, April 30 - May 3, 2000.

Brinkman, K. S., Nothwang, W. D., and Schwartz, R. W., "Understanding the Performance of THUNDER Actuators: The Role of Stress an Device Mechanics," Processing of Fibers and Composites Conference, Chair: K.K. Chawla (Univ of Alabama Birmingham) Castelvecchio Pascoli, Italy, May 21-26, 2000.

Dobberstein, H. D., Johnson, S., Schwartz, R. W., Clem, P. G., and Carroll, D., "Structural Evolution in Ho₂O₃ Thin Films Deposited on Biaxially Textured Ni," Electronics Division Meeting of the American Ceramic Society, October, 2000, Clemson, SC.

Schwartz, R. W., Cross, L. E., and Wang, Q.-M., "Estimation of the Piezoelectric d31-Coefficients of Stress-Biased Rainbow Actuators," Electronics Division Meeting of the American Ceramic Society, October, 2000, Clemson, SC.

Schwartz, R. W. and Moon, Y.-W., "Analysis of Stress Enhancements to the Performance of Rainbow and Thunder Actuators," Electronics Division Meeting of the American Ceramic Society, October, 2000, Clemson, SC.

Schwartz, R. W., "Electroceramic Thin Films: Fundamentals and Applications," American Ceramic Society - Minnesota Section, Ceramic Thin Films Workshop, Minneapolis, MN (March 19, 1999). Invited.

Schwartz, R. W., "Understanding Stress Effects on the Performance of Stress-Biased Piezoelectric Actuators," 3M Company, Minneapolis, MN (March 18, 1999). Invited.

Nothwang, W. D., Schwartz, R. W., Ballato, J., "Equivalent Circuit Modeling of Piezoelectric Rainbow Actuators," American Ceramic Society Annual Meeting, Indianapolis, IN (April, 1999).

Laoratanakul, P. and Schwartz, R. W., "Modeling and Characterization of Stress and Geometric Effects on the Performance of Rainbow Ceramics," American Ceramic Society Annual Meeting, Indianapolis, IN (April, 1999).

Schwartz, R. W., "Electronic Materials and Piezoelectric Ceramics Research at Clemson University," Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM (June 21, 1999). Invited.

Schwartz, R. W., "Research Activities In Electronic Ceramics at Clemson University, AVX Corporation, Myrtle Beach, SC (June 28, 1999). Invited.

Schwartz, R. W., "Chemical Solution Deposition of Ferroelectric Thin Films," University of Illinois, Department of Materials Science and Engineering Seminar, Urbana, IL (February 25, 1998). Invited.

Schwartz, R. W., "Chemical Solution Deposition of Ferroelectric Thin Films," Georgia Institute of Technology, Department of Materials Science and Engineering Seminar, March, 1998. Invited.

Schwartz, R. W., Dobberstein, H., King, A., Clem, P. G., and Voigt, J. A., "Control of the Nucleation and Growth Process in Solution-Derived Perovskite Thin Films," 100th Annual Meeting of the American Ceramic Society, Cincinnati, OH, May, 1998.

Schwartz, R. W. Richard, M. L., Laoratanakul, P., Robertson, P. L., and Gass, K., "Development of Rainbow Actuators for VCSEL Positioning," American Ceramic Society Pacific Coast Meeting, Irvine, CA (October 21 - 24, 1998).

Dobberstein, H., Schwartz, R. W., and Clem, P. G., "Solution Deposition of Perovskite Buffer Layers Using Trifluoroacetic-based Precursors," American Ceramic Society Southeast Sectional Meeting, Nashville, TN (November 17-18, 1998).

Schwartz, R. W., Richard, M. L., Laoratanakul, P., Robertson, P. L., and Gass, K., "Development of Actuators for VCSEL Positioning and the Role of Stress in Stress-Biased Actuators," American Ceramic Society Southeast Sectional Meeting, Nashville, TN (November 17-18, 1998).

Schwartz, R. W., Dobberstein, H., King, A., Clem, P. G., and Voigt, J. A., "Solution Deposition Routes for the Fabrication of Perovskite Buffer Layers," Materials Research Society Fall Meeting (November 29 through December 4, 1998).

Schwartz, R. W., Voigt, J. A., and Clem, P. G., "The Influence of Thermodynamic and Kinetic Factors on the Crystallization Behavior of Perovskite Thin Films," American Ceramic Society Annual Meeting, Cincinnati, OH (April, 1997). Invited.

Schwartz, R. W., Voigt, J. A., Clem, P. G., Ashley, C. S., and Rodriguez, M. A., "Development of Buffer Layer Technology for the Integration of High Temperature Superconductors on Bi-axially Textured Ni Substrates," DOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Program Review, Washington, D.C., (July, 1997).

Schwartz, R. W., Spencer, G., Ballato, J., and Rack, H. J. "New Products from Metallo-Organic Precursors," presentation to the CAEFF Faculty, Clemson University, Clemson, SC (October 7, 1997).

Schwartz, R. W., "Chemical Solution Deposition of Perovskite Thin Films for Electronic Applications," Pacific Coast Regional Meeting of the American Ceramic Society, San Francisco, CA (October 12-15, 1997). Invited.

Schwartz, R. W., Voigt, J. A., Tuttle, B. A., Reichert, T. L., and Van Stry, M., "The Role of Crystallization Driving Force in Defining Thin Film Microstructure," International Symposium on Integrated Ferroelectrics, Tucson, AZ (March, 1996).

Schwartz, R. W., Voigt, J. A., Reichert, T. L., and Van Stry, M., "Control of Nucleation Behavior in Sol-Gel Derived PZT Thin Films," Materials Research Society Spring Meeting, San Francisco, CA (April, 1996). Invited.

Schwartz. R. W., DaSalla, R. S., Christenson, T. A., Voigt, J. A., and Lamppa, D. L., "The Processing Characteristics of TiO₂ and ZrO₂ Thin Films Prepared from Acetate, Acetylacetone, and Amine Modified Precursors," Materials Research Society Spring Meeting, San Francisco, CA (April, 1996).

Schwartz, R. W. and Voigt, J. A., "Thermodynamic Factors Governing the Crystallization Behavior of Perovskite Thin Films," New Mexico Sectional Meeting of the American Ceramic Society, Albuquerque, NM, (September, 1996).

Schwartz, R. W., Dimos, D., Garino, T. J., Van Stry, M., and Mueller, C. Chemical Solution Deposition of BaTiO₃, SrTiO₃, and (Ba,Sr)TiO₃
Thin Films," American Ceramic Society Electronics Division Meeting, San Antonio, TX (October, 1996). Invited.

Schwartz, R. W., "Chemical Solution Deposition of BaTiO₃ and Pb(Zr,Ti)O₃ Thin Films for Electronic Applications," Seminar at Aachen University, Aachen, Germany (October, 1996). Invited.

Schwartz, R. W., DaSalla, R. S., Christenson, T. A., Voigt, J. A., Boyle, T. J., Sinclair, M. B., Alam, T. M., Dimos, D., and Buchheit, C. D., "The Role of Organic Constituents and Water Additions in PZT Thin Film Processing," International Symposium on Integrated Ferroelectrics, Colorado Springs, CO (March, 1995). Invited.

Schwartz, R. W., Boyle, T. J., Christenson, T. A., DaSalla, R. S., and Buchheit, C. D., "The Effect of Modifying Ligands on Sol-Gel Thin Film Processing," American Chemical Society Meeting, Anaheim, CA (April, 1995). Invited.

Schwartz, R. W., "Sol-Gel Processing of Ceramic Thin Films," Department of Materials Science and Engineering Seminar, University of California at Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA (April, 1995). Invited.

Schwartz, R. W., Collins, J. P., Ng, M. F., Reichert, T. L., "Inorganic Membrane Reactor Technology to Provide Improved Energy Utilization in High Temperature Petrochemical Applications," DOE Office of Industrial Technologies Program Review, Oak Brook, IL (May, 1995).

Schwartz, R. W., Dimos, D. B., Lockwood, S. J., and Boyle, T. J., "Sol-Gel Processing of Lead Zirconate Titanate Thin Films for Decoupling Capacitors Applications," Toyota Central Research Laboratories, Nagoya, Japan (November, 1995). Invited.

Schwartz, R. W., Boyle, T. J., Sinclair, M. B., Dimos, D., "Effects of Solution Precursor Nature on Sol-Gel Derived PZT Thin Film Crystallization Behavior and Properties," New Mexico Sectional Meeting of the American Ceramic Society, Albuquerque, NM, (September, 1995).

Schwartz, R. W., Boyle, T. J., Lockwood, S. J., Sinclair, M. B., Dimos, D., and Buchheit, C. D., "Optimization of Sol-Gel Processing Conditions for PZT Thin Film Fabrication," International Symposium on Integrated Ferroelectrics, Monterey, CA (March, 1994). Invited.

Schwartz, R. W., Boyle, T. J., Buchheit, C. D., Assink, R. A., Sinclair, M. B., Dimos, D., "Effects of 2,4-Pentanedione Additions on the Microstructure and Optical Loss of Sol-Gel Derived PZT Thin Films," Materials Research Society Spring Meeting, San Francisco, CA (April, 1994).

Schwartz, R. W., Boyle, T. J., Lockwood, S. J., Dimos, D., Sinclair, M. B., and Buchheit, C. D., "The Development of Improved Solution Deposition Processes for the Fabrication of PZT Thin Films," Materials Research Society Annual Meeting, Boston, MA (December, 1994). Invited.

Schwartz, R. W., "Preparation and Properties of Ferroelectric Thin Films," University of Illinois, Department of Materials Science and Engineering Seminar, Champaign-Urbana, IL, (March 19,1993). Invited.

Schwartz, R. W., Dimos, D., Tuttle, B. A., "Dielectric and Ferroelectric Properties of Pb(Zr,Ti)O₃ Thin Films," American Ceramic Society Annual Meeting, Minneapolis, MN (May, 1992).

Schwartz, R. W., Assink, R. A., Headley, T. J., and Tuttle, B. A., "Solution Chemistry Effects on the Microstructural Evolution and Ferroelectric Properties of Sol-Gel Derived PZT Thin Films," New Mexico Sectional Meeting of the American Ceramic Society, Albuquerque, NM, (September, 1991).

Schwartz, R. W., "Fabrication of PZT Ferroelectric Thin Films for Electronic Applications," Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN (November, 1991). Invited.

Schwartz, R. W., "Sol-Gel Processing of Ferroelectric Thin Films," Sol-Gel Technology Transfer Workshop, sponsored by Sandia National Laboratories Albuquerque, NM (August 7-9, 1990). Invited.

Schwartz, R. W. and Payne, D. A., "The Effects of Hydrolysis and Catalysis Conditions on the Structure and Crystallization Behavior of Sol-Gel Derived Lead Titanate," American Ceramic Society Annual Meeting, Indianapolis, IN (April 23-27, 1989).

Schwartz, R. W., Xu, Z., Payne, D. A., and Budd, K. D., "Sol-Gel Processing of Lead Titanate on Compound Semiconductors," American Ceramic Society Annual Meeting, Cincinnati, OH (May 1-5, 1988).

Schwartz, R. W. and Payne, D. A., "Sol-Gel Processing and Crystallization Behavior of PbTiO₃ Gels," Pacific Coast Regional Meeting of the American Ceramic Society, Seattle, WA (October, 1987).

Schwartz, R. W. and Payne, D. A., "Precipitation of PLZT Powders," American Ceramic Society Annual Meeting, Chicago, IL (April 27-May 1, 1986).