Example Properties

Material		Weight density (lb/ft3)	Modulus of elasticity (ksi)	Shear modulus of elasticity (ksi)	Poisson's ratio	Yield strength (ksi)	Ultimate stress (ksi)	Percent elongation (2" gage length)	Coefficient of thermal expansion
									10-6/oF	10-6/oC
Aluminum Alloys		160-180	10,000-11,400	3,800-4,300	0.33	5-70	15-80	1-45	13	23
	2014-T6	175	10,600	4,000	0.33	60	70	13
	7075-T6	175	10,000	3,800	0.33	40	45	17
	6061-T6	170	10,400	3,900	0.33	70	80	11
Brass		520-540	14,000-16,000	5,200-6,000	0.34	10-80	30-90	4-60	10.6-11.8	19.1-21.2
Bronze		510-550	14,000-17,000	5,200-6,300	0.34	12-100	30-120	5-60	9.9-11.6	18-21
Cast iron		435-460	12,000-25,000	4,600-10,000	0.2-0.3	17-42 (tension)	10-70 (tension), 50-200 (compression)	0-1 (tension)	5.5-6.6	9.9-12
Concrete			2,500-4,500 (compression)		0.1-0.2		1.5-10 (compression)		4-8	7-14
	Plain	145
	Reinforced	150
	Lightweight	70-115
Copper and copper alloys		556	16,000-18,000	5,800-6,800	0.33-0.36	8-110	33-120	4-50	9.2-9.8	16.6-17.6
Glass		150-180	7,000-12,000	2,700-5,100	0.17-0.27		5-150	0	3-6	5-11
	Plate glass						10
	Glass fibers						1,000-3,000
Magnesium alloys		110-114	6,000-6,500	2,200-2,400	0.35	12-40	20-50	2-20	14.5-16.0	26.1-28.8
Monel (67% Ni, 30% Cu)		550	25,000	9,500	0.32	25-160	65-170	2-50	7.7	14
Nickel		550	30,000	11,400	0.31	15-90	45-110	2-50	7.2	13
Plastics
	Nylon	55-70	300-500		0.4		6-12	20-100	40-80	70-140
	Polyethylene	60-90	100-200		0.4		1-4	15-300	80-160	140-290
Rock									3-5	5-9
	Granite, marble, quartz	165-180	6,000-14,000		0.2-0.3		8-40 (compression)
	Limestone, sandstone	125-180	3,000-10,000		0.2-0.3		3-30 (compression)
Rubber		60-80	0.1-0.6	0.03-0.2	0.45-0.50	0.2-1.0	1-3	100-800	70-110	130-200
Sand, soil, gravel		75-135
Steel		490	28,000-30,000	10,800-11,800	0.27-0.30				5.5-5.9	10-18
	High-strength					50-150	80-180	5-25	8.0	14
	Machine					50-100	80-125	5-25
	Spring					60-240	100-270	3-15
	Stainless					40-100	60-150	5-40	9.6	17
	Tool					75	130	8
Steel, structural						30-100	50-120	10-40	6.5	12
	ASTM-A36					36	60	30
	ASTM-572					50	70	20
	ASTM-A514					100	120	15
Steel wire						40-150	80-200	5-40
Titanium alloys		280	15,000-17,000	5,600-6,400	0.33	110-150	130-170	10	4.5-6.0	8.1-11
Tungsten		1,200	50,000-55,000	21,000-23,000	0.2		200-600	0-4	2.4	4.3
Water
	fresh	62.4
	sea	63.8
Wood (air dry)
	Douglas fir	30-35	1,600-1,900			5-8 (bending), 4-8 (compression parallel to grain)	8-12 (bending), 6-10 (compression parallel to grain)
	Oak	40-45	1,600-1,800			6-9 (bending), 4-6 (compression parallel to grain)	8-14 (bending), 5-8 (compression parallel to grain)
	Southern pine	35-40	1,600-2,000			6-9 (bending), 4-8 (compression parallel to grain)	8-14 (bending), 6-10 (compression parallel to grain)

From Mechanics of Materials, 4^th Ed., by J.M. Gere and S.P. Timoshenko, PWS Publishing, 1997, pp. 888-91.