Props List for Wood Connections Lecture
- wood identification kit
- broken drum stick
- example of compression wood
- examples of grain patterns at limbs/knots
- oak and poplar Janka-hardness samples
- nail-withdrawal specimen (prepared according to D143)
- drill blanks and holder
Testing Station 1 - Density
- equipment
- specimen
- 2"x2"x36" red oak $7.13
- 2"x2"x36" poplar $4.83
- 2"x2"x8' pine $1.95
- 2"x2"x42" cedar $2.17
- 2"x2"x8' cedar $5.50
- growth rings per inch
- % heartwood
- testing direction (for Janka)
- location in tree
- knots, defects
- break sketch and description
Testing Station 2 - Janka Hardness
- equipment
- Instron 4469 (without computer)
- 10-kip load cell
- Janka indenter
- lower compression platen
- moisture meter
- specimen
- (2 pieces) 2"x2"x36" red oak $7.13 each
- (2 pieces) 2"x2"x36" poplar $4.83 each
- (2 pieces) 2"x2"x42" clear western red cedar $2.17
each
- (1 bundle) 2"x2"x24" pine (general purpose stakes) (6
per bundle) $3.13 each
- (2 pieces) 31" composite decking $2.18 each
- 2"x2"x8' cedar $5.50
- 2"x2"x8' pine $1.95
- ASTM D143
- size, weight, density, specific gravity, temperature
- imaging -- microscope, camera
- 13. Janka hardness (4469)
- 14. shear parallel
to grain
- 15. cleavage
- compression, flexure
- 18. nail withdrawal
- 21. moisture content
- porosity, shrinkage, swelling
- ASTM D4444 Hand-Held Moisture Meters
- D5652 Standard Test Methods for Bolted Connections in
Wood and Wood-Based Products
- A680 Standard Test Methods for
Nails (not active)
Testing Station 3 - Dowel Bearing
- equipment
- Instron 5583 with Bluehill
- 30-kip load cell
- threaded adapter + three-point cap
- lower aluminum compression platen
- 3/4"-diameter bolt
- 13/16" wood bit
- specimen
- 2"x4"x12" pine (13 feet)
- drill holes every 2" and rip down center
- ASTM D5764 covers dowel bearing tests in wood.
- D953 Standard Test Method
for Bearing Strength of Plastics
- E238 Standard Test Method
for Pin-Type Bearing Test of Metallic Materials
Testing Station 4 - Fastener Withdrawal
- equipment
- TO Super L
- (2) large C-clamps
- fastener tongs
- bar to support tongs
- hammer
- drill/driver with bits
- masking tape
- specimen
- 2"x4"x16" pine (25 feet, 100 fasteners)
- nails
- mark nails @ 1"
- 6d 2.0" bright common 0.114"-dia. $1.80/lb
- 8d 2.5" bright common nail 0.131"-dia. $1.80/lb
- 10d 3.0" bright common nail 0.150"-dia. $1.80/lb
- 16d 3.5" common nail 0.162"-dia. (state surplus)
- 9x2" tempered fluted concrete nail
- 6d 2" bright finish nail
0.090"-dia.
- 8d 2.5" bright duplex nail 0.130"-dia.
- 16d 3.5" box nail 0.136"-dia.
- screws
- threaded portion of screw is 1" long - insert to this point
- #8 1.75" wood screw, flat Phillips 0.164"-dia. $4.26
for 75
- #10 1.75" wood screw, flat Phillips 0.190"-dia. $2.94
for 50
- #12 1.75" wood screw, flat Phillips 0.216"-dia. $4.81
for 50
- 1" sheet metal screw, round slotted
- 1.5" sheet metal screw, Phillips flat
- #8 2" wood screw, Phillips flat
- ASTM D1761 sections 1-12 cover nail and screw withdrawal.
- 1-12 Nail, Staple, or Screw
Withdrawal
- 13-20 Lateral
Nail, Staple, or Screw Resistance
- 21-30 Bolted
Joints
- 31-40 Tension of Plate
Connector Joints
Testing Station 5 - Connection Plate Tension
- equipment
- Instron 4485 with Bluehill
- large hammer
- specimen
- (4) 1"x2"x48" #2 top choice pine $0.88
- (3) 1"x3"x72" #2 top choice pine $2.18
- (32) MP14 mending plate $0.41, 1"x4" plate with 24 spikes
- (36) MP24 mending plate $0.51, 2"x4" plate with 56 spikes
- use two plate connection tests per section
- send email to each group or post on Blackboard
- it would be interesting to compare glued,
nailed, and screwed joints to connector plates