Nail Withdrawal Connections

 

Withdrawal loading of unthreaded fasteners should be avoided where practical.

 

Reference Design Value W

NDS table 11.2C

per inch of penetration:  W = w p

 

Fastener Max. Withdrawal
Force (lb)		 Surface
Area* (in2)		 Force per
Area* (psi)		 Cost per
Fastener ($)		 Force per
Dollar (lb/$)
nail 6d bright common, plain
shank (0.114"-dia. x 2.0")		 49 0.358 137 0.0108 4540
8d bright common, plain 
shank (0.131"-dia. x 2.5") 		 65 0.412 158 0.0178 3650
10d bright common, plain 
shank (0.150"-dia. x 3.0") 		 103 0.471 219 0.0273 3770
16d common, plain 
shank (0.162"-dia. x 3.5")		 125 0.509 246 0.0383 3260
screw #8 x 1.75" wood screw,
flat Phillips (0.164"-dia.)		 457 -- -- 0.0568 8050
#10 x 1.75" wood screw,
flat Phillips (0.190"-dia.)		 483 -- -- 0.0588 8210
#12 x 1.75" wood screw,
flat Phillips (0.216"-dia.)		 555 -- -- 0.0962 5770
* surface area in contact with wood

 

conditions

  1. 10-year duration
  2. initially dry and remains dry
  3. normal temperature
  4. nail is driven into side grain of main (holding) member
  5. nail is not drive as a toenail
 

source
source
source

NDS section 11.2.3.2

 

 

Adjusted Design Values

NDS table 10.3.1

 

NDS section 11.5

Ceg = 0 for withdrawal

 

NDS section 10.3.3

Nails loaded in withdrawal are more negatively affected by variations in moisture content.

except CM = 1.0 for toenail